تهران، خیابان ولی عصر(عج)، خیابان توانیر، محله نظامی گنجوی، کوچه هفت پیکر(8)، خیابان نظامی گنجوی، پلاک33، موسسه آموزش عالی بیمه اکو دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، طبقه6، اتاق 607، انجمن ایرانی زبان وادبیات عربی، کدپستی: 1434863111

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه زبان و ادبیات کردی و عضو هیئت علمی پژوهشکده کردستان شناسی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران

2 استادیار گروه زبان و ادبیات فارسی، دانشگاه خلیج فارس، بوشهر، ایران.

چکیده

بما أنّ هناک نظرات متلوّنة حول الشعر نفسه وما یلزمه، لا مراء في أنّ الشعر بنیان مرصوص علی مدار اللغة یُدرک من جرّاء القراءة والإصغاء. لکنّ الحداثة وما نتجَت منها من تأثیرات واسعة علی مجالات مختلفة بما فیها الأدب، أدَّت إلی نشأة اتّجاه حدیث في الشعر جرَّه من حصیلة مقروءة-مسموعة إلی نتاجٍ مرئیّ. فبعد شیوع القصائد البصریة التي تُدعی «الکونکریت» في أروبّا، نری الشعراء من الأطراف یُهرعون إلیها بدافع ما فیها من مظاهر خلّابة. فما لبثَ أن شاع في الشعر العربي والفارسي والکردي صوغ الشعر الکونکریتي تحت مسمیاتٍ کـ«الشعر البصري»، و«الشعر الهندسي»، و«القصیدة التشکیلیة»، و«شعر تجسمی»، و«نقاشعر»، و«شعرنگاره» وما إلیها. وإنّا في هذا البحث نقصد أن نُلقِي الضوء علی جذور بصریة الشعر في الأدب العربي والفارسي والکردي في ضوء المنهج التوصیفي-التحلیلي؛ أضف إلی ذلک التعرّف علی الشعر البصري کاتّجاه شعري في تلک اللغات والآداب. ومن نتائج البحث أنّا نری أن البلاغة الإسلامیة-الإیرانیة وأن الشعر الإسلامي-الإیراني فیهما نماذج لا تبعد من تجارب کونکریتیة في أشکال بدائیة ونشاهد ذلک أکثرما نشاهد في غمار الفنون البدیعة وخاصّة في «الموشّح». أمّا أغلبیة شیوع الشعر الکونکریتي فکان من تُحف العصر الحدیث والتي انطلقَت من خلال التأثر بالأدب الأروّبي. وإن کانَ الشعراء العرب والفرس والکُرد حصلوا علی إنشاد أشعار بصریة نادرة من جرّاء التعایش الثقافي وتجاربهم الشخصیة في بیئاتهم.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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