أنماط الحرمان في شعر أدونيس وفقاً للمنهج النفسي لفرويد، قصيدة «الفراغ» نموذجاً

Deprivation is a social affliction with multiple dimensions, affecting both individual and social aspects. The deprived person is inherently unable to fulfill their individual needs or faces great difficulty in finding solutions for them. Furthermore, when interacting with society, they lack the ability to establish proper relationships with others and cannot set appropriate boundaries for themselves or for the other party. They may have a distorted image of themselves and those around them, as this incorrect perception prevents mutual understanding and hinders their path toward growth and progress. Deprivation is an obstacle that robs a person of their right to think, make decisions, and choose, turning them into a dependent individual. Factors such as poverty, inequality, cultural and social problems, and the neglect of knowledge all contribute to the exacerbation of deprivation, and this is often evident in societies suffering from a lack of resources, facilities, and infrastructure. Adonis is one of the most prominent contemporary poets who reflects the pains and sufferings of his nation and seeks to alleviate them in his poetry collections in general and in the poem Al-Faragh in particular. He strives to prevent the effects of deprivation such as complaint, rebellion, depression, anxiety, and isolation from spreading throughout human society. Therefore, he calls upon people to hold fast to hope and attempts to raise awareness among the coming generation so that deprivation does not end up destroying their identity and leading them into a foggy world where the worthless cannot be distinguished from the valuable. In such circumstances, the poet wants the public to rise up against the existing situation and bitter reality, reject it with a cry, slogan, or the like, and exert all their efforts to prevent the destruction of their history, culture, and civilization, and to defend their rights so that they may leave their mark, imprint, and identity for subsequent generations. This article seeks to examine deprivation, its patterns, and the resulting identity crisis in Adunis's poem Al-Faragh according to the descriptive-analytical method. Part of the findings indicates that in Al-Faragh, Adonis emphasizes focusing people's minds on the future and preparing a plan to eliminate the negative effects on history, civilization, and identity caused by enemies. What must be heeded is popular thought aimed at defending the cultural and intellectual distinctiveness of society.